This paper designed a set of evaluating indicators on city economic competitiveness, by means of statistical data in year 2011, 2006 and 2006, and evaluated the economic competitiveness of six central cities in Wuling mountain area based on factor analysis. Research findings show that as far as economic competitiveness is concerned, Huaihua, Hunan province ranks first; Enshi, Hubei province ranks second; rank of Tongren, Guizhou province experienced increment while that of Xiangxi, Hunan province decreased; the last two are Zhangjiajie, Hunan province and Qianjiang, Chongqing municipal city. The reason is that on the one hand, the difference of each city’ administrative area probably leads to the different economic scale; on the other hand, the different growth rate of economy of each city brings the change of rank as time goes by.