Under the background of rural revitalization strategy, the “excellent teacher plan” is a targeted training system to achieve the incremental improvement of basic education in the underdeveloped areas of the central and western regions. Under the actual national conditions of China, the “excellent teacher plan” directly attacks the weak links of basic education, and has institutional advantages such as precisely addressing the shortage of teachers in underdeveloped areas, integrating resources to educate people, and establishing a long-term guarantee mechanism for teachers. Through focusing on the “four modernizations and two systems” training model, with “small class size”, “precision”, “modernization” and “localization”, we will pave the path for the professional development of excellent teachers and students before and after their employment. With the help of “tutorial system” and “academy system”, we will promote the professionalization process of excellent teachers and students, explore and build the “three excellent educators” pattern of “excellent students”, “excellent teachers” and “excellent education”.