As a conceptual innovation and terminology revolution in the field of Marxist political economy, new quality productivity is not only a continuous explanation and creative application of Marxist productivity theory, but also an active choice to lead China’s industrial economy to achieve subversive breakthroughs and fundamental jumps. Its iteration effect in the process of reconstructing and promoting agricultural new quality productivity resonates with the way of cultivating modern rural new quality talents. Whether from the theoretical logic, historical logic or value logic, the revitalization of rural talents driven by the new quality productivity has formed the main line of the current high-quality development of rural China and agricultural and rural modernization. At present, the rural revitalization of talents is still in short supply in the aspects of “attracting talents, cultivating talents and retaining talents”, which seriously affects the coordinated operation and in-depth development of the rural revitalization strategy. Therefore, it is necessary to rely on the innovative power connected by the symbiotic evolution of new quality agricultural productivity and new quality talents, and make concerted efforts from the three dimensions of “improving external introduction, improving internal cultivation, and strengthening service guarantee” to promote the effective inlay of new quality productivity and the revitalization of rural talents, so as to escort the rapid and steady pace of Chinese-style agricultural and rural modernization.