In the field of educational research and practice, the issue of “noble sons from humble families” has attracted much attention and sparked heated discussions. Based on Bourdieu’s triple conceptual framework of social capital, cultural capital, and economic capital, this study reveals that the phenomenon of “noble sons from humble backgrounds” reveals the “paradoxical” logic of social capital, imprints the historical image of cultural capital logic, and reflects the performativity of economic capital logic. However, the resulting problems are characterized by deification or dwarfism towards students from humble backgrounds, affirmation or questioning of family education methods, and recognition or questioning of talent cultivation and selection systems. Therefore, it is necessary to guide the theoretical regression of the phenomenon of “poor family noble sons” from multiple paths. Firstly, deepen theoretical research and explore the multiple values of the phenomenon of “poor family noble sons”. Secondly, establish the concept of whole process education, promote the phenomenon of “noble children from humble backgrounds” to become the norm. The third is to improve the collaborative education model between families, schools, and communities, and enrich the cultural capital resources of “underprivileged students”. The fourth is to view the three-dimensional situation of “students from humble backgrounds” in a diverse way, further facilitating their path to success.