In the Introduction of Critics of Hegel’s Philosophy of Right, Marx deeply analyzed Germany’s relatively backward social status in the modernization process and pointed out the deviation between Germany’s modernization and the goal of human liberation. Taking the transcendence of bourgeois political liberation through human liberation as a value principle, Marx constructed a grand historical perspective for addressing the path of Germany’s modernization development. In historical evolution, the relationship between modernization and human liberation is not a linear unity but a dynamic and complex unity process that is constantly revised through continuous guidance and adjustment. Marx creatively proposed the philosophical concept of practice with high principle aiming to propose a theoretical solution to the paradoxical relationship between modernization development and human liberation. Chinese path to modernization has transformed the philosophical concept of practice with high principle into vivid practical reality, pushing the relationship between modernization and human liberation into a new historical stage.