The emergence and development of “Jiao Ayi” of Pengshui Miao are closely related to their region, and are one of the most regional cultural symbols. As a representative intangible cultural heritage Miao song of Pengshui, “Jiao Ayi” plays a variety of functions such as communication, entertainment, and education in the life of Miao people, and has become an indispensable part of the daily life of Pengshui Miao people. It is of great significance to scientifically protect, inherit and develop Pengshui Miao music, build a music culture system with regional characteristics, and promote the prosperity and development of the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation.