“There are policies at the top and countermeasures at the bottom” is a common phenomenon in the interaction between educational policies and school responses in the field of basic education. Revealing and explaining the “interaction logic” between the two is crucial for comprehensively understanding and effectively improving the interactive process and mechanism of educational policies and school responses, and for promoting the mutual empowerment of educational policies and school responses. Based on this, this paper takes the “double reduction” policy as an example and finds that educational policies are embedded in schools from top to bottom, going through three stages: macro administrative setting, meso-level policy-school connection, and micro-level policy implementation in schools. Correspondingly, school responses from bottom to top include policy compliance, presence of the subject, and rational non-compliance, highlighting that the interaction process between educational policies and school responses is a dynamic balance between the unified embedding of policies and the diverse acceptance of schools. The interaction between educational policies and school responses follows a logical loop: policy layout requires power coordination, power coordination leads to interest games, interest games promote resource allocation, resource allocation deepens interest compromise, interest compromise generates school actions, and school actions adjust policy layout. This highlights that the interaction mechanism between educational policies and school responses is a dynamic balance between the macro layout of policies and the micro actions of schools. The interaction process and mechanism between educational policies and school responses are revealed, and seeking dynamic balance is the core meaning of the interaction logic between educational policies and school responses. Educational policies and school responses should move towards symbiosis, and the key lies in promoting the coordination of subjects between the government and schools.