Based on the high attention and policy promotion of aesthetic education in the new era, the status of aesthetic education in the school education system has been significantly elevated. The research on school aesthetic education has achieved significant results in multiple dimensions such as policy evolution and theoretical paradigms. However, the spatial research on aesthetic education in vocational education is still on the periphery, and there is no in-depth and systematic analysis of the impact of different spatial factors on vocational education aesthetic education and the interactive relationship between different spaces, which restricts the full exploration of the unique value and development potential of vocational education aesthetic education. Based on this, taking Henry Lefebvre’s theory of spatial production as the analytical framework, starting from the macro perspective of deep examination of relational thinking and systematic infiltration, a comprehensive theoretical model of “physical environment space -- social practice space -- spiritual and cultural space” for the shaping of vocational education aesthetic education space is constructed, providing a feasible theoretical framework and practical path for solving the problems of vocational education aesthetic education space construction and shaping. Specifically, through the organic integration of physical environment spatial functional zoning, the careful creation of a beautiful environment, and the provision of immersive interactive facilities. Promote the collaborative governance of multiple entities such as schools, teachers, students, and industry enterprises in the social practice space, and use modern information technology to build an online aesthetic education platform. To achieve the synergy between the curriculum system and activity field in the spiritual and cultural space, the unity of diverse forms and teacher guidance, and the integration of cultural concepts and organizational culture construction, the goal is to provide beneficial spatial governance strategies for vocational education aesthetic education in the new era. This will help stimulate the intrinsic motivation and educational vitality of vocational education aesthetic education, enhance students’ aesthetic ability and comprehensive literacy, and ultimately assist in cultivating future comprehensive professional talents.